Maybe George Lucas is a big D&D fan (we can see him roleplaying as Jar-Jar), because this movie was originally titled Indiana Jones and the Temple of Death, which was the title of a Dungeons and Dragons module from the early 1980's.

Whether it's Doom or Death, you know not to expect sunshine and rainbows under Pankot Palace. While the catacombs aren't called the "temple of doom" and the phrase isn't uttered anywhere in the movie, it's an appropriate label for a place where human sacrifices are boiled in lava like lobsters.