We have changed our privacy policy. In addition, we use cookies on our website for various purposes. By continuing on our website, you consent to our use of cookies. You can learn about our practices by reading our privacy policy.

The Red and the Black Allusions & Cultural References

When authors refer to other great works, people, and events, it’s usually not accidental. Put on your super-sleuth hat and figure out why.

  • William Shakespeare, "Two Gentlemen of Verona" (1.17.E)
  • Voltaire (1.17.11)
  • Horace (1.29.28)
  • Virgil (1.29.28)
  • Cicero (1.29.28)
  • Rossini. Barber of Seville (2.4.56)
  • John Locke (2.7.38)

Historical References

  • Jacobinism (1.2.5)
  • Napoleon Bonaparte (1.3.20, 1.12.28)
  • Maximilien de Robespierre (1.9.30)