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U.S. History 1877-Present 6: Trench Warfare 79 Views


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Description:

Today's lesson: Trench Warfare. Neat. But how did they get the trenches to fight each other?

Language:
English Language

Transcript

00:00

Nothing says

00:05

WWI like trench

00:07

warfare. This hellish

00:09

mode of combat was the great war's

00:11

super-depressing calling card.

00:13

So what is it, exactly? Well,

00:15

it is about what it sounds like.

00:17

War, in trenches—

00:19

really miserable trenches.

00:21

On the one hand, these trenches were good things

00:23

for the soldiers. After all, it's kinda hard

00:25

to shoot a guy when he's hiding in a ditch.

00:27

And these weren't just any old ditches.

00:29

They were several thousand

00:31

miles of frontline trenches,

00:33

reserve-line trenches, communications

00:35

trenches, dummy trenches,

00:37

and intelligent trenches

00:39

on both sides of the conflict.

00:41

Okay, fine, we made up the intelligent trenches.

00:43

The rest are real, though. And as if

00:45

Europeans weren't already connoisseurs of

00:47

enough things, the Great War helped them become

00:49

connoisseurs of ditches, too.

00:51

But really, trench warfare just

00:53

turned everyone involved into connoisseurs of

00:55

awfulness. For one, they

00:57

made the war take forever. Since the trenches

00:59

made it hard to shoot people, it was hard

01:01

for anyone to gain any ground.

01:03

Even though the trenches protected soldiers,

01:05

a good thing, it also kept them in the

01:07

middle of a war for way longer than

01:09

anybody expected. Bad thing.

01:11

To make matters worse, the trenches

01:13

were truly terrible places to be.

01:15

Death surrounded the soldiers all

01:17

day, every day. Like, literally.

01:19

Men were getting mowed down by

01:21

artillery and were sometimes buried in the

01:23

trench where they fell. Not exactly

01:25

the kind of company you'd want in the trenches.

01:27

As if that weren't horrible enough,

01:29

there were also millions of rats

01:31

infesting the trenches.

01:33

And let's just say trench warfare

01:35

allowed rats to become connoisseurs of

01:37

decomposing human bodies.

01:39

Yeah. Ratatouille, it was not.

01:41

If the rats were eating people,

01:43

what were the people eating?

01:45

Yeah, not much. And what they did eat

01:47

was cold. Which was why you'll

01:49

never find a niche gourmet restaurant

01:51

lovingly called La Trench.

01:53

To add to the miserable factor, trenches also

01:55

filled very quickly with rain,

01:57

and were prone to subterranean

01:59

flooding, leaving men soaked for weeks

02:01

at a time. Yeah, check out this.

02:03

This is trench food. That's what happens.

02:05

Apparently the German trenches were a little bit nicer

02:07

than the Allied ones. Some German trenches

02:09

were built of stone, had deep

02:11

electrified living quarters, and were centrally

02:13

heated. But the Germans had extra

02:15

motivation to build less awful trenches

02:17

because, well, they had to stay in them for

02:19

longer—whereas the French, British, and

02:21

later American troops could be pulled off

02:23

the front line and sent to the rear to

02:25

rest and refit, the Germans

02:27

could not. This wasn't their home.

02:29

They were in enemy territory, and didn't have

02:31

the luxury of towns and depots of

02:33

friendly civilians to take care of them.

02:35

Still, trench warfare was awful for

02:37

both sides, no matter how nice the ditch they were

02:39

living in, and sooner or later our commanding

02:41

officer was going to tell us to hop out of our

02:43

ditch and run towards the enemy's ditch

02:45

from which they're most likely firing

02:47

machine guns right atcha. Wow.

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