ShmoopTube

Where Monty Python meets your 10th grade teacher.

Search Thousands of Shmoop Videos

U.S. History 1877-Present 6: Trench Warfare 79 Views


Share It!


Description:

Today's lesson: Trench Warfare. Neat. But how did they get the trenches to fight each other?

Language:
English Language

Transcript

00:00

Nothing says

00:05

WWI like trench

00:07

warfare. This hellish

00:09

mode of combat was the great war's

00:11

super-depressing calling card.

00:13

So what is it, exactly? Well,

00:15

it is about what it sounds like.

00:17

War, in trenches—

00:19

really miserable trenches.

00:21

On the one hand, these trenches were good things

00:23

for the soldiers. After all, it's kinda hard

00:25

to shoot a guy when he's hiding in a ditch.

00:27

And these weren't just any old ditches.

00:29

They were several thousand

00:31

miles of frontline trenches,

00:33

reserve-line trenches, communications

00:35

trenches, dummy trenches,

00:37

and intelligent trenches

00:39

on both sides of the conflict.

00:41

Okay, fine, we made up the intelligent trenches.

00:43

The rest are real, though. And as if

00:45

Europeans weren't already connoisseurs of

00:47

enough things, the Great War helped them become

00:49

connoisseurs of ditches, too.

00:51

But really, trench warfare just

00:53

turned everyone involved into connoisseurs of

00:55

awfulness. For one, they

00:57

made the war take forever. Since the trenches

00:59

made it hard to shoot people, it was hard

01:01

for anyone to gain any ground.

01:03

Even though the trenches protected soldiers,

01:05

a good thing, it also kept them in the

01:07

middle of a war for way longer than

01:09

anybody expected. Bad thing.

01:11

To make matters worse, the trenches

01:13

were truly terrible places to be.

01:15

Death surrounded the soldiers all

01:17

day, every day. Like, literally.

01:19

Men were getting mowed down by

01:21

artillery and were sometimes buried in the

01:23

trench where they fell. Not exactly

01:25

the kind of company you'd want in the trenches.

01:27

As if that weren't horrible enough,

01:29

there were also millions of rats

01:31

infesting the trenches.

01:33

And let's just say trench warfare

01:35

allowed rats to become connoisseurs of

01:37

decomposing human bodies.

01:39

Yeah. Ratatouille, it was not.

01:41

If the rats were eating people,

01:43

what were the people eating?

01:45

Yeah, not much. And what they did eat

01:47

was cold. Which was why you'll

01:49

never find a niche gourmet restaurant

01:51

lovingly called La Trench.

01:53

To add to the miserable factor, trenches also

01:55

filled very quickly with rain,

01:57

and were prone to subterranean

01:59

flooding, leaving men soaked for weeks

02:01

at a time. Yeah, check out this.

02:03

This is trench food. That's what happens.

02:05

Apparently the German trenches were a little bit nicer

02:07

than the Allied ones. Some German trenches

02:09

were built of stone, had deep

02:11

electrified living quarters, and were centrally

02:13

heated. But the Germans had extra

02:15

motivation to build less awful trenches

02:17

because, well, they had to stay in them for

02:19

longer—whereas the French, British, and

02:21

later American troops could be pulled off

02:23

the front line and sent to the rear to

02:25

rest and refit, the Germans

02:27

could not. This wasn't their home.

02:29

They were in enemy territory, and didn't have

02:31

the luxury of towns and depots of

02:33

friendly civilians to take care of them.

02:35

Still, trench warfare was awful for

02:37

both sides, no matter how nice the ditch they were

02:39

living in, and sooner or later our commanding

02:41

officer was going to tell us to hop out of our

02:43

ditch and run towards the enemy's ditch

02:45

from which they're most likely firing

02:47

machine guns right atcha. Wow.

Up Next

Why Does the Constitution Still Work for Us?
5723 Views

Ever heard of a "living document"? They eat and breathe just like the rest of us! They even walk around on their own two legs. Okay, fine—maybe t...

Related Videos

The Puritans and the Division of Church and State
1280 Views

If the Puritans had gotten their way, religion would play a much larger role in lawmaking these days. Want to know more? Watch the video for all th...

Shays' Rebellion
6383 Views

What happened between the creation of the Articles of Confederation and the ratification of the current U.S. Constitution? This video analyzes the...

There's More Than One Way to Crack a Modernist Egg
539 Views

The Modernists thought the world had a lot of problems, and they were intent on fixing them—or at least talking about fixing them. Unfortunately,...

Federalism
2532 Views

This video explains Federalism and the quest for a fair balance between state and national power. It covers the progression and compromises of Fede...