Artemis Fowl is the name of a teenage criminal mastermind in the fairy-filled series that's named after him. As we find out in the book The Opal Deception, Artemis Fowl is actually named after the goddess.

There once was a magnificent temple of Artemis in Ephesus, which was considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World (source).

Artemis is the name of a magic cat in the Sailor Moon animated series.

The Artemis Project is a private company dedicated to creating a colony on the moon. It seems kind of sketchy to us…

There used to be a festival held in honor of Artemis in which young boys stole cheeses from an altar and were then whipped. Today, no one has the foggiest idea what cheese and whipping had to do with Artemis (source).

NASA's ARTEMIS mission aims to study the interaction of the sun and moon. ARTEMIS stands for Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence, and Electrodynamics of the Moon’s Interaction with the Sun – obviously (source).