¹ Mary Jo Curtis, Brown University News Service, "John Carter Brown Library to host Errand into the Wilderness," Press Release, Brown University, 29 May 2002, available from (25 June 2007).

² Eric Foner, Give Me Liberty! An American History (New York: W. W. Norton, 2006), 57-8.

³ Eric Foner, Give Me Liberty! An American History (New York: W. W. Norton, 2006), 57-8.

⁴ Nicholas P. Canny, The Oxford History of the British Empire: Volume I, The Origins of Empire: British Overseas Enterprise to the Close of the Seventeenth (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998), 205.

⁵ George Brown Tindall and David Emory Shi, America: A Narrative History, Fifth Ed. (New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1999), 110.

⁶ John J. McCusker, " Population, by race and by colony or locality: 1610-1780," Table Eg1-59, Historical Statistics of the United States: Millennial Edition, ed. Susan Carter, Scott Sigmund Gartner, Michael Haines, Alan Olmsted, Richard Sutch and Gavin Wright (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006), http://hsus.cambridge.org/, accessed 5 January 2009.

⁷ “Fundamental Orders,” The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. (New York: Columbia University Press, 2001-04).

⁸ John Cotton, A Treatise of the Covenant of Grace, As it is dispensed to the Elect Seed, effectually unto Salvation (London: Peter Parker, 1671), 67-71.

⁹ Speech attributed to Metacom (King Philip) in 1676 by William Apess, a Pequot Indian, in 1836, in Barry O'Connell, ed., On Our Own Ground: The Complete Writings of William Apess, a Pequot (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1992), 295.

¹⁰ Colin G. Calloway, ed., The World Turned Upside Down: Indian Voices from Early America (Boston: Bedford St. Martin's, 1994), 22.

¹¹ The Massachusetts Body of Liberties (1641), in Old South Leaflets (Boston: Directors of the Old South Work, 1896-1922), 7: 261-267.

¹² George D. Langdon, Jr., "The Franchise and Political Democracy in Plymouth Colony," The William and Mary Quarterly 20:4 (Oct., 1963), 3rd Ser., 513.

¹³ Robert F. Oaks, "Things Fearful to Name": Sodomy and Buggery in Seventeenth-Century New England," Journal of Social History 12:2 (Winter, 1978), 269.

¹⁴ Governor William Bradford, quoted in Robert F. Oaks, "Things Fearful to Name": Sodomy and Buggery in Seventeenth-Century New England," Journal of Social History 12:2 (Winter, 1978), 271.

¹⁵ Robert F. Oaks, "Things Fearful to Name": Sodomy and Buggery in Seventeenth-Century New England," Journal of Social History 12:2 (Winter, 1978), 271.

¹⁶ Eric Foner, Give Me Liberty! An American History (New York: W. W. Norton, 2006), 38.

¹⁷ David Jaffee, People of the Wachusett: Greater New England in History and Memory, 1630-1860 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1999), 8-9.

¹⁸ Eric Foner, Give Me Liberty! An American History (New York: W. W. Norton, 2006), 57.

¹⁹ David Jaffee, People of the Wachusett: Greater New England in History and Memory, 1630-1860 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1999), 38.

²⁰ Eric Foner, Give Me Liberty! An American History (New York: W. W. Norton, 2006), 57.

²¹ David Jaffee, People of the Wachusett: Greater New England in History and Memory, 1630-1860 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1999), 68.

²² Eric Foner, Give Me Liberty! An American History (New York: W. W. Norton, 2006), 58.

²³ Elaine Forman Crane, Ebb Tide in New England: Women, Seaports, and Social Change 1630-1800 (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1998), 11; Eric Foner, Give Me Liberty! An American History (New York: W. W. Norton, 2006), 58.

²⁴ George Brown Tindall and David Emory Shi, America: A Narrative History, Fifth Ed. (New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1999), 136.

²⁵ Eric Foner, Give Me Liberty! An American History (New York: W. W. Norton, 2006), 60

²⁶ "Capitall Lawes established by the Generall Court, the First of December, 1642," entry in The Public Records of the Colony of Connecticut, 1636-1776, 1:77, available online from the Connecticut Court Records website at, http://www.colonialct.uconn.edu/ViewPageByPageNew.cfm?ID=2226&Volume=1&Master=1023&Letter=S&v=01&p=77&c=4, accessed 26 October 2007.

²⁷ Josiah Jeremy, Micmac Indian, 1869; in Silas Rand, Legends of the Micmacs (New York: Longmans, Green, 1894).

²⁸ Ch. 2, The Book of the General Laws of Inhabitants of the Jurisdiction of New Plimouth… (Cambridge: Samuel Green, 1672), B2:3.

²⁹ Narragansett Indians, "Act of Submission, 1644," in Records of the Colony of Rhode Island (Providence, 1856), 1:134-6; in Colin G. Calloway, ed., The World Turned Upside Down: Indian Voices from Early America (Boston: Bedford St. Martin's, 1994), 81.

³⁰ John Winthrop, "A Model of Christian Charity," 1630, in The Puritans in America: A Narrative Anthology, Alan Heimert and Andrew Delbanco, eds. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1985), 82-92.

³¹ Nanuddemance, land deed to John Parker, 14 June 1659, in York Deeds (Portland, Maine, 1887), vol. 2, fols. 13, 113-4; in Colin G. Calloway, ed., The World Turned Upside Down: Indian Voices from Early America (Boston: Bedford St. Martin's, 1994), 84-5.

³² Ives Goddard and Kathleen J. Bragdon, eds. Native Writings in Massachusett, 2 vols. (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1988), 1:96-7; in Colin G. Calloway, ed., The World Turned Upside Down: Indian Voices from Early America (Boston: Bedford St. Martin's, 1994), 87