When authors refer to other great works, people, and events, it’s usually not accidental. Put on your super-sleuth hat and figure out why.
Literary and Philosophical References
- Alfred de Musset (1.7)
- William Shakespeare, Twelfth Night, or What You Will (1.64), (1.95), (1.128), (4.6)—specifically a song from Act II, Scene iii sung by the fool character, Feste
- Sister Anne (2.12)—a character from Charles Perrault's "Bluebeard," the story of a nobleman who murders his wives for sport
- The Book of Leviticus (3.91)—specifically chapter 14
- Homer (3.91)
- Hades (3.91)
- Samuel Richardson, Pamela: Or Virtue Rewarded (3.215) (4.236) (5.100)
- Henry Fielding (3.216)
- Laurence Sterne (3.216)
- Tobias Smollett (3.219)
- Venus (4.102)
- Don Juan (4.113)
- Samuel Richardson, Clarissa: Or the History of a Young Lady (4.237)—called Clarissa Harlowe by Dr. Montague, which is the full name of the novel's heroine
- Oscar Wilde, "The Canterville Ghost" (5.32)
- Samuel Richardson, The History of Sir Charles Grandison (5.100)
- "Here lies one whose name was writ in blood" (5.137)—most likely a shout-out to the epitaph on John Keats's tombstone reading, "Here lies One / Whose Name was writ in Water" (source)
- Francisco Goya (6.17)
- John Foxe (6.22)
- William Blake (6.25)
- Old-fashioned children's singing games (8.166) (8.169) (8.171) (9.13)
Historical References
- "Fellow babe in the woods" (2.78)—probably a shout-out to a particular type of children's tale where the innocent children enter a perilous situation; think Hansel and Gretel (sometimes, the real murders of children are referred to as "Babes in the Woods" murders)
- "I love my love with a B" (3.32)—a shout-out to a Victorian-era alphabet game; you can read up on the rules if you want to play (source)
- Winchester Mystery House (4.89)
- Octagon Houses (4.89)
- Double Stairway of Chambord (4.94)—trippy architecture
- St. Francis of Assisi (4.103)
- The Nile River (4.155)
- Ballechin House (5.14)
- Borley Rectory (5.14)
- Glamis Castle (5.14)
Pop Culture References
- The Cheshire Cat (1.128)
- Count Dracula (2.82)
- Ouija Board (7.62)