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AP U.S. History 2.3 Period 3: 1754-1800. Settler expansion encouraged by the Northwest Ordinance had what effect on Indian-colonist relations?
Transcript
- 00:00
[ musical flourish ]
- 00:03
And here's your Shmoop du jour, brought to you by territorial expansion,
- 00:07
the act of ripping land away from someone else.
- 00:10
All right, here's our excerpt.
- 00:11
[ mumbles ]
Full Transcript
- 00:14
[ mumbling continues ]
- 00:18
All right, and now the question:
- 00:19
Settler expansion encouraged by the Northwest Ordinance
- 00:21
had what effect on Indian-colonist relations?
- 00:24
And here are your potential answers.
- 00:26
[ drumbeat ]
- 00:28
Well, we know that the Northwest Ordinance
- 00:30
created new territories for American
- 00:32
colonists who wanted to move to the, uh, well... north and west.
- 00:36
Over here.
- 00:37
So we just need to figure out what kind of impact
- 00:40
that had on relations with American Indians.
- 00:42
Did the Northwest Ordinance affect
- 00:45
Indian-colonist relations by
- 00:47
A - facilitating greater
- 00:49
interaction and understanding?
- 00:51
Well, the Ordinance did mandate that colonists
- 00:53
should act with the utmost good faith with regard to
- 00:55
American Indian tribes, but they didn't.
- 00:57
And the American Indians were pretty upset.
- 00:59
Makes sense, right? Colonists were moving
- 01:01
onto land that had traditionally belonged to American Indians.
- 01:04
So they were bound to be some problems.
- 01:07
Yeah, A is out.
- 01:08
Did settler expansion from the Northwest Ordinance
- 01:10
B - encourage the American Indians
- 01:12
to align with the French?
- 01:13
Actually, most of the American Indians
- 01:15
in this part of the U.S. were allied amongst themselves,
- 01:18
even though their combined power still wasn't enough
- 01:20
to defeat the colonists. So that eliminates B, as well.
- 01:22
But maybe the Northwest Ordinance C -
- 01:24
allowed the British to gain greater control of the area.
- 01:27
Well, remember the 1783 Treaty of Paris?
- 01:30
That was the treaty between the British and the Americans
- 01:32
that ended the American Revolution.
- 01:34
And part of the Treaty was that the British would
- 01:36
leave the Northwest territories alone.
- 01:38
Sort of a "you stay out of my backyard,
- 01:40
and I'll stay out of yours." kind of deal.
- 01:42
So it definitely isn't C.
- 01:43
That must mean the Northwest Ordinance D -
- 01:45
produced conflicts that shrank Indian territory.
- 01:48
Oh, boy, did it ever.
- 01:49
As colonists pressed further west,
- 01:51
they came into conflict more and more often with
- 01:53
Indian Americans. And after the U.S. army suffered
- 01:56
several humiliating defeats in the area,
- 01:58
George Washington commissioned a new fighting force
- 02:00
that defeated a confederation of American Indian tribes,
- 02:03
forcing them to cede much of their territory,
- 02:06
which is how we got Ohio.
- 02:07
So the answer is D.
- 02:09
Sort of gives a whole new meaning to the word
- 02:11
"shrinkage."
- 02:15
[ whooping ]
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