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Description:

AP U.S. History 2.3 Period 3: 1754-1800. Settler expansion encouraged by the Northwest Ordinance had what effect on Indian-colonist relations?

Language:
English Language

Transcript

00:00

[ musical flourish ]

00:03

And here's your Shmoop du jour, brought to you by territorial expansion,

00:07

the act of ripping land away from someone else.

00:10

All right, here's our excerpt.

00:11

[ mumbles ]

00:14

[ mumbling continues ]

00:18

All right, and now the question:

00:19

Settler expansion encouraged by the Northwest Ordinance

00:21

had what effect on Indian-colonist relations?

00:24

And here are your potential answers.

00:26

[ drumbeat ]

00:28

Well, we know that the Northwest Ordinance

00:30

created new territories for American

00:32

colonists who wanted to move to the, uh, well... north and west.

00:36

Over here.

00:37

So we just need to figure out what kind of impact

00:40

that had on relations with American Indians.

00:42

Did the Northwest Ordinance affect

00:45

Indian-colonist relations by

00:47

A - facilitating greater

00:49

interaction and understanding?

00:51

Well, the Ordinance did mandate that colonists

00:53

should act with the utmost good faith with regard to

00:55

American Indian tribes, but they didn't.

00:57

And the American Indians were pretty upset.

00:59

Makes sense, right? Colonists were moving

01:01

onto land that had traditionally belonged to American Indians.

01:04

So they were bound to be some problems.

01:07

Yeah, A is out.

01:08

Did settler expansion from the Northwest Ordinance

01:10

B - encourage the American Indians

01:12

to align with the French?

01:13

Actually, most of the American Indians

01:15

in this part of the U.S. were allied amongst themselves,

01:18

even though their combined power still wasn't enough

01:20

to defeat the colonists. So that eliminates B, as well.

01:22

But maybe the Northwest Ordinance C -

01:24

allowed the British to gain greater control of the area.

01:27

Well, remember the 1783 Treaty of Paris?

01:30

That was the treaty between the British and the Americans

01:32

that ended the American Revolution.

01:34

And part of the Treaty was that the British would

01:36

leave the Northwest territories alone.

01:38

Sort of a "you stay out of my backyard,

01:40

and I'll stay out of yours." kind of deal.

01:42

So it definitely isn't C.

01:43

That must mean the Northwest Ordinance D -

01:45

produced conflicts that shrank Indian territory.

01:48

Oh, boy, did it ever.

01:49

As colonists pressed further west,

01:51

they came into conflict more and more often with

01:53

Indian Americans. And after the U.S. army suffered

01:56

several humiliating defeats in the area,

01:58

George Washington commissioned a new fighting force

02:00

that defeated a confederation of American Indian tribes,

02:03

forcing them to cede much of their territory,

02:06

which is how we got Ohio.

02:07

So the answer is D.

02:09

Sort of gives a whole new meaning to the word

02:11

"shrinkage."

02:15

[ whooping ]

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