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transportation there's probably a lot of ticked off cows out there right [Cow looking annoyed]

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now why well because animal power was an energy source we left out of the last unit

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and that wasn't a hundred percent fair while animals were the muscle behind the [a fox bench pressing a 4x4 truck]

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entire wheeled vehicle revolution and they took us places wheels couldn't go

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in that long period between the invention of simple machines in the

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steam engine humans owed most of their transportation to animals the next time

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you see a cow placidly chewing its cud while staring into empty space thinking [a cow staring into empty space]

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deep thoughts take a second to admire one of history's greatest figures. Yep

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not all heroes wear capes well as it turns out humans and animals had been [Cow flying through the air with a superman logo]

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hanging out for a super long time way before they had wagons to pull and roads

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to build well some historians argue that humans and animals have spent the last [animal carrying a man through a crop field]

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several thousand years co-evolving developing traits that benefitted each

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other we've been codependent in all the best [man, woman and cow sat in a room together]

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ways well that's especially true of dogs which were the first animals humans

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domesticated about 12,000 years ago wolves and humans had a mutually [ancient man with a domesticated dog]

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beneficial relationship wolves got the scraps from human hunts

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and humans got some added protection and helped with the hunt some lucky guys in [wolf helping a human with hunting

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the frozen north figured out dogsled's but most dogs weren't going to haul people's

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stuff for him for that humans had to go bigger you know with cattle well cattle

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were used for meat since around 8000 BCE but it wasn't until 4000 BCE that they [man eating meat]

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definitely started hauling stuff for us the cows were like great..

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first you eat us, now you make us carry your stuff around this seems like a [cow complaining]

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super fair relationship - moo.. well before the wheel cows dragged sleds and plows

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even that was a pretty big deal that required the invention of the yoke [yoke appears]

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a wooden beam that goes over an animal's neck it's connected to whatever good

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stuff our animal buddies are supposed to haul they're not complicated but the

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process of training animals to use them ain't easy most of us went out in the [man teaching cow to sit and cow tramples on the man]

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field with an Ox, a plow and a yoke, we're pretty sure we'd end up

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trampled yeah some brave soul figured it out though again not all heroes where oh [man flying through the air with a blue cape]

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never mind he's wearing a cape alrighty then, moving on.. After the

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invention of the wheel cattle could do much more than just plow fields with [cow wearing sunglasses driving a car]

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animals and wagons we could ship our goods to a distant city or haul manure

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around our farms well, one of those things is much more fun than the other not

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every place used the same big animals of course cattle were popular in Africa and [cow named Jerry sitting on a hotel bed]

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Europe in South Asia the water buffalo could haul like a champ and all that [water buffalo pooping on the field]

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heat and humidity in India elephants were okay sometimes they were rarely

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used for transportation though there were more like giant tractors if [man riding on the top of an elephant]

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tractors could navigate through jungles and we're also super-smart well the poor

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americas didn't have any domesticated animals for hauling except the llamas in

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a few places but the llamas just aren't very strong though they can beat a cow [Llama hauling a bale of hay]

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in a spitting contest any day so there's that yeah good job there llama yeah

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